A Human. Being!

Did you know….
1. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
2. DNA is part of our definition of a living organism.
3. DNA is found in all living things.
4. DNA was first isolated in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher.
5. James Watson and Francis Crick figured out the structure of DNA.
6. DNA is a double helix.
7. The structure of DNA can be likened to a twisted ladder.
8. The rungs of the ladder are made up of “bases”
9. Adenine (A) is a base.
10. Thymine (T) is a base.
11. Cytosine (C) is a base
12. Guanine (G) is a base.
13. A always pairs with T in DNA.
14. C also pairs with G in DNA.
15. The amount of A is equal to the amount of T, same for C and G.

16. A+T = T+G

17. Hydrogen bonds hold the bases together.
18. The sides of the DNA ladder is made of sugars and phosphate atoms.
19. Bases attached to a sugar; this complex is called a nucleoside.
20. Sugar + phosphate + base = nucleotide.
21. The DNA ladder usually twists to the right.
22. There are many conformations of DNA: A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA are the only ones found
in nature.
23. Every single cell in our body has DNA.
24. DNA is the “blueprint” of life.
25. Chromosomal or nuclear DNA is DNA found in the nucleus of cells.
26. Humans have 46 chromosomes.
27. Autosomal DNA is part of chromosomal DNA but does not include the two sex chromsomes -

X and Y.

28. One chromosome can have as little as 50 million base pairs or as much as 250 million base
pairs.
29. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is found in the mitochondria.
30. mtDNA is only passed from the mother to the child because only eggs have mitochondria, not
sperm.
31. There’s a copy of our entire DNA sequence in every cell of our body with one exception.
32. Our entire DNA sequence is called a genome.
33.

Rosalind Franklin was born in London on 25th July 1920. She graduated in Chemistry and Physics in Newnham College in 1941.Rosalind Franklin (25^th July 1920-16^th april 1938) was invited to Kings College, London to study protein crystallography, which soon became oriented to DNA. The leader of the team assigned her to work on DNA with a graduate student Ray Ghosling. The laboratory's second-in-command, Maurice Wilkins, was on vacation, when he returned, their relationship muddled. He assumed she was to assist his work; she assumed she'd be the only one working on DNA. They had powerful personality differences as well: Franklin direct, quick, decisive, and Wilkins shy, speculative, and passive. This would play a role in the coming years as the race unfolded to find the structure of DNA.                                                         The dark hair and eyes gave her the name Dark lady

Franklin used the X-ray Diffraction to capture DNA, a molecule too small to image using regular photography. She was able to take a photograph of DNA, the now famous photo of ’51. She extracted finer DNA fibers than ever before and arranged them in parallel bundles. All of these allowed her to discover crucial keys to DNA's structure. Wilkins shared her data, without her knowledge, with James Watson and Francis Crick, at Cambridge University, and they pulled ahead in the race, ultimately publishing the proposed structure of DNA in March, 1953. James Watson experienced the eureka moment when shown the photo. He recalls, “The instant I saw the picture my jaw fell open and my pulse began to race… the black cross of reflections which dominated the picture could arise only from a helical structure... mere inspection of the X-ray picture gave several of the vital helical parameters.”

Nepal lost yesterday to Jordan in world cup qualifiers. I didn’t see the match, was goin to watch, untill they got one ‘alu’ only 7 minutes to play. So, I thought madhyaraat ko tato was a better option(#JK). Some of the newspaper wrote,"Nepal ko World cup khelne sapana adhuro”.. I mean seriously? Maile ta tyasto sapana kahile dekhina, My dreams are generally realistic.. FYI. The guru, Robert grant said, yo Nepali team were the best team in last decade rey? Really? I don’t know how to compare two teams, but this team is certainly better than tyo 28(Atthaise) goal khane team hai? May be all eleven were blown away by the talk of interest on Rohit Chand Bhai from Gunners and spurs. or Were they all waiting for the charming queen Rania to come and cheer for them hola ni? J hos, the players habituated to play in Khet(Or Khet’s are better than how Dasarath Rangasala looks today?) got only 9 potatoes and let them have none. I wonder who two among the eleven will be the unlucky ones? Any idea folks, Or should I phone Grant guru? Whatever happened, I don’t expect Nepali-players.

A day before that, almost hundred people were killed in Oslo. When I first heard the news, the first thing I thought was, Norway didn’t have any ties with America in the fight against terrorists. Now what we think about terrorists is well known. Baird like Osama or Mulla Umer Hajurbuwa, and cloths like taliban militant hai? oh! Hamra Prachanda ra Baburam uncle haru ajhai pani terrorist ko list ma chan kyare haina? on a quick note, Are the Mao buddies ousting Prachanda? common, be a Kamau-nistha and let him be a president(or primeminister), let his son earn some rupee-supee(like sujata aunty did when GP hajurbuwa was at the prime). These maobuddies don’t know the rule of being kamau-nist. Take a lecture or two from KP uncle, and see his golden watch, which he got when he was ghar-mantri.

Jimmi Hendrix, Bon scott of  AC/DC, Sid viscous, Kurt Cobain, Elvis Presley, John Lennon, Jim Morrison what is common in these names? Well, no prize for guessing, they are all rock/pop stars and all died young. Some died due to suicide, overdose, addiction and heart attack or what ever the cause may be but rockstars are prone to die young.Rock stars – notorious for their "crash and burn" lifestyles are more likely than other people to die before reaching old age.
A study of more than 1,000 mainly British and North American artists, spanning the era from Elvis Presley to rapper Eminem, found they were two to three times more likely to suffer a premature death than the general population.
Between 1956 and 2005 there were 100 deaths among the 1,064 musicians examined by researchers at the Centre for Public Health at Liverpool John Moores University.

More than a quarter of all the deaths were related to drugs or alcohol abuse, said the study in the Journal of Epidemial Community Health."The paper clearly describes a population of rock and pop stars who are at a disproportionate risk of alcohol and drug related deaths," said Mark Bellis, lead author of the study. "In the music industry, factors such as stress, changes from popularity to obscurity, and exposure to environments where alcohol and drugs are easily available, can all contribute to substance use as well as other self-destructive behaviors," the report said.

Was Def Leppard right when they philosophized that it was better to burn out than fade away? Live fast die young is what they are famous for. While it may be some bad numerology Karma but most of them died at the age of 27. Here are the list of some who died young:

Elvis Presley: When “The King” was found dead at his bathroom on August 1977 at the age of 42. The doctors said its because of Heartattack but it was obviously due to drugs and sleeping pills. He really was the greatest star of the Rock and roll.

John Lennon: The Beatles front man was shot by Mark Chapman at the age of 40, well he was probably not a drug addict but the world wasn’t the Utopia he imagined.

A letter Rosalind Franklin- The dark lady of DNA wrote to her father.

(I love the following words from– an excerpt from a letter Rosalind wrote to her father arguing against his assertion that her secular/scientific worldview made her cold and uncaring. It’s a perfect response to an accusation I’ve heard often myself, and a great expression of my own humanist credo:)

“You frequently state, and in your letter you imply, that I have developed a completely one-sided outlook and look at everything in terms of science. Obviously my method of thought and reasoning is influenced by my scientific training – if that were not so my scientific training would have been a waste and a failure. But you look at science (or at least talk of it) as some sort of demoralising invention of man, something apart from real life, and which must be cautiously guarded and kept separate from everyday existence. But science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated. Science, for me, gives a partial explanation of life. In so far as it goes, it is bases on fact, experience and experiment. (…) I agree that faith is essential to success in life (success of any sort), but I do not accept your definition of faith, i.e., belief in life after death. In my view, all that is necessary for faith is the belief that by doing our best we shall come nearer to success and that success in our aims (the improvement of the lot of mankind, present and future) is worth attaining. Anyone able to believe in all that religion implies obviously must have such faith, but I maintain that faith in this world is perfectly possible without faith in another world (…). I see no reason why the belief that we are insignificant should lessen our faith – as I have defined it.”

Felt like sharing :)